The Requirement For Refractory Material

Ramming Material

The requirements of electric arc furnaces for refractory materials

The general requirements of electric arc furnaces for refractory materials are: ① High refractoriness: the arc temperature is above 4000°C, and the steelmaking temperature is often 1500-1750°C, sometimes even as high as 2000°C. Therefore, refractory materials must have high refractoriness. ②High load softening temperature: The electric furnace steelmaking process works under high temperature load conditions, and the furnace body must withstand the erosion of molten steel, so refractory materials must have a high load softening temperature. ③ Good thermal stability: The temperature of electric furnace steelmaking changes sharply within a few minutes from tapping to charging, and the temperature suddenly drops from about 1600 °C to below 900 °C. Therefore, refractory materials are required to have good thermal stability. ④ Good slag resistance: In the steelmaking process, slag, furnace gas, and molten steel have a strong chemical erosion effect on refractory materials, so refractory materials should have good slag resistance. ⑤ High compressive strength: The lining of the electric furnace is impacted by the furnace charge when charging, is subjected to the static pressure of the molten steel during smelting, is washed by the steel flow when tapping the steel, and is subjected to mechanical vibration during operation, so the refractory material must have high pressure resistance strength. ⑥ Low thermal conductivity: In order to reduce the heat loss of the electric furnace and reduce the power consumption, it is required that the thermal conductivity of the refractory material should be poor, that is, the thermal conductivity should be small